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2023-11-13 07:14:17 | Informations exploitables: comprenez votre profil de risque global avec le rapport de résumé exécutif Actionable Insights: Understand Your Overall Risk Profile with the Executive Summary Report (lien direct) |
In this blog series we cover how to improve your company\'s security posture with actionable insights. Actionable insights are a critical tool to help you improve your security posture and stop initial compromise in the attack chain. You can use them to identify and respond to potential risks, enhance your incident response capabilities, and make more informed security decisions. In previous actionable insights blog posts, we covered these topics: People risk Origin risk Business email compromise (BEC) risk Ensuring proper risk context Risk efficacy Telephone-oriented attack delivery (TOAD) risk Threat intelligence In this post, we introduce the new TAP Executive Summary Report-which is available to all Proofpoint Targeted Attack Protection (TAP) customers who use the Proofpoint Aegis threat protection platform. We\'ll show you why the Executive Summary Report is so useful so you can use it effectively to enhance your company\'s security posture. Unlock powerful insights with the Executive Summary Report Email security is more crucial than ever in today\'s fast-evolving threat landscape. To protect your business and users from emerging threats, you need the right tools-like the TAP Dashboard Executive Summary Report. We designed this new report specifically to meet the high-level reporting needs of executives and other decision-makers. It empowers these users by providing quick, easy-to-consume insights on their email security, which helps to accelerate their decision-making. You can find it in the Reports section of the TAP Dashboard as the new first tab. Let\'s explore how this new feature can help your business. Insights: What you can learn from the Executive Summary This report gives you a comprehensive overview of your business\'s email threat landscape. It equips your teams and executives with actionable intelligence. End-to-end threat protection insights Integrating data from the Proofpoint email gateway, the Executive Summary Report offers a holistic view of your company\'s inbound email threat protection effectiveness. This end-to-end visibility helps you understand how your security measures perform across your email stack. Inbound email protection breakdown This new visualization in the TAP Threat Insight Dashboard provides an at-a-glance breakdown of the total number of messages received through your email protection stack. It reveals how and when Proofpoint identified and blocked malicious messages. With this detailed insight, you can identify threats and detect anomalies-and make data-driven decisions to enhance your email security. The inbound email protection breakdown. Exposure insights The Executive Summary Report also provides insight into potentially exposed messages. With drilldowns and actionable items, you can address these threats quickly to minimize the risk of a breach. Exposure insights in the Executive Summary Report. Messages protected This chart offers a trended view of messages protected by advanced threat detection capabilities in Proofpoint TAP. The information presented is broken down by threat type or category. It lets you see the evolving nature of threats over time, so you can conduct a more in-depth analysis of your company\'s email security. The messages protected trend chart-by threat type. Efficacy metrics There are two charts that report on Proofpoint TAP\'s efficacy. The first is the “threat landscape effectiveness” chart. It provides you with a clear understanding of where the most significant threats exist within your email landscape. It displays top objectives, malware families and threat actors by total message volume. The threat landscape effectiveness chart with a breakdown of threat objectives. The second chart is “inbound protection overview.” This donut-style chart combines traditional email security and advanced threat detection (TAP) metrics. This single statistic reflects the overall effectiveness of your Proofpoint inbound email prote | Malware Tool Threat Prediction | ★★ | |
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2023-11-10 07:55:46 | New Gartner & Reg;Rapport BEC: les recommandations sont entièrement prises en charge par Proofpoint New Gartner® BEC Report: Recommendations Are Fully Supported by Proofpoint (lien direct) |
Business email compromise (BEC) is costly. The latest Internet Crime Report from the FBI\'s Internet Crime Complaint Center notes that businesses lost more than $2.7 billion due to these scams in 2022. Another staggering statistic that is less reported: BEC losses were almost 80 times that of ransomware last year. The rate of BEC attacks and the average loss per incident are likely to keep climbing, which makes BEC an ongoing concern for businesses. A recent report by Gartner, How to Protect Organizations Against Business Email Compromise Phishing, offers companies several recommendations to help them reduce the risk of these attacks and minimize potential losses. Below, we share five top takeaways and key findings from this 2023 report. We also explain how Proofpoint can help protect your business against BEC attacks by linking what we do to Gartner\'s recommendations. 1. To combat BEC, businesses need to invest in email security rather than relying on endpoint protection Not all BEC scams contain a malicious payload like malware or malicious links. That\'s why endpoint protection and endpoint detection and response platforms are not effective defenses for these types of attacks. Gartner recommends: If you\'re a security and risk management leader who is responsible for infrastructure security, you can maximize your protection against BEC by seeking out and implementing artificial intelligence (AI)-based secure email gateway solutions. Look for solutions that offer: Advanced BEC phishing protection Behavioral analysis Impostor detection Internal email protection Proofpoint protects: Proofpoint believes that Gartner report\'s recommendation stems from the understanding that stopping BEC attacks before they reach a recipient\'s inbox is the best method to minimize risks. This strategy is at the heart of the Proofpoint Aegis threat protection platform. Proofpoint has used machine learning (ML) for more than two decades to detect email threats. We create the highest levels of BEC detection efficacy through our combination of AI/ML-driven behavioral analysis and rich threat intelligence. 2. Supplement email security with additional controls to reduce the risk of ATO Account takeover fraud (ATO) is often a feature in BEC attacks. It occurs when an adversary gains control of a legitimate account. To reduce the risk of ATO, businesses need to be able to recognize whether an email is from a genuine sender. Gartner recommends: Businesses should supplement their existing email security solutions with additional controls to further reduce the risk of BEC attacks like ATO and domain abuse. Proofpoint protects: To protect against account takeover, you need to identify accounts that might be compromised and automate remediation. If you rely solely on behavioral analytics to detect these accounts, you could end up with a high volume of false alerts. Proofpoint combines behavioral analysis with our rich threat intelligence to detect both compromised employee accounts and compromised third-party accounts. How Proofpoint helps when ATO occurs If an internal account has been compromised, a password reset isn\'t enough. Attackers in your environment can still manipulate third-party apps and gain persistent access to the account to wage attacks at will. Proofpoint TAP Account Takeover (TAP ATO) provides insights into what types of threats are targeting your users\' email accounts. And it provides you with the tools you need to take corrective action to protect a compromised account. TAP ATO correlates threat intelligence with artificial intelligence, ML and behavioral analytics to find malicious events across the email attack chain. It helps you see who is being attacked and how, and it provides automated remediation. How Proofpoint helps when supplier accounts are compromised Proofpoint Supplier Threat Protection gives you insight into which third-party and supplier accounts may be compromised. We combine AI/ML-driven behavioral analysis with threat in | Ransomware Malware Tool Threat | ★★ | |
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2023-11-06 07:20:56 | 3 erreurs courantes que vous faites avec votre programme de sensibilisation à la sécurité 3 Common Mistakes You\\'re Making with Your Security Awareness Program (lien direct) |
Despite the vast budget and resources invested in cybersecurity, breaches are still commonplace and increasingly impactful. When these incidents are analyzed, there is a common factor-the controlling technology is undermined by human action. This can include staff handing out credentials, facilitating unauthorized requests, falling for spoof emails and running malware at the behest of an attacker. When the World Economic Forum states that 95% of security breaches occur because of human action, it is clear that security awareness throughout your organization is imperative. Yet despite years of activity, more still needs to be done. Here are some things you may be doing that will hinder your security program-and, more importantly, the steps you can take to fix them. Mistake 1: You have named your security program incorrectly As simple as it sounds, you may have chosen a poor name for your security program. We all focus on security awareness and build “security awareness programs” for our businesses, but that isn\'t what we really want. Our true aim is more than just to improve awareness-it is to change behavior. Calling our program “security awareness” encourages us to focus on the wrong outcome. After all, if our real aim is to stop people smoking, we wouldn\'t call our initiative the “be aware of the risks of smoking campaign.” This has an easy fix: Change the name of your program. Decide on the outcome you want and name your program appropriately-such as \'Security Behavior Change Program\' or \'Build Security Culture Program.\' You will be amazed by the difference such a small change can make because the new title will be a constant reminder of what you are actually trying to achieve. Mistake 2: Thinking that \'lots of awareness\' leads to culture The second mistake is related to the first. All too often, programs decide they can change the culture of the organization by increasing the amount of awareness training that staff undertake. That won\'t happen. Culture is not the same as “lots of awareness.” There is an “ABC” maturity model that I use, which stands for awareness, behavior, culture. Each is a step that builds on the previous one. Critically, there is a pivot at each step-a change of focus that\'s required to transition from one level to the next. Let\'s assume we already do awareness. To pivot to behavior, you need to focus on making sure that your staff members understand the consequences of cybersecurity, both personally and professionally. Once they have awareness and motivation, they are much more likely to display the correct behavior. (There is science behind this simplified approach, and I recommend you check out Professor BJ Fogg\'s behavior model.) Once behavior is on the road to achievement, then culture becomes your goal. The pivot for the culture step is the creation of a wide-ranging perception that everyone around the business cares about security. Note that I use the word “perception.” It doesn\'t have to be true initially, as this is a real case of “fake it \'til you make it.” Create that perception by tuning your communications plan to ensure that security messages arrive from across your organization-from executives, from receptionists, and especially from middle and line managers. Indeed, these messages should come from almost everyone except the chief information security officer (CISO). This will build a perception in each staff member that everyone around them cares about security, and that will create peer pressure for them to act in similar ways. This is the crucible of culture. Mistake 3: Using negative consequences as a primary motivator The key step to mature to the behavior level mentioned above is to create a motivation to change behavior. Motivation can be encouraged in various ways. One approach is to create a fear of punishment or embarrassment if staff make an error or fail a security test. Many security professionals have strong opinions on this matter. Some believe that negative c | Malware Tool Vulnerability | ★★ | |
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2023-10-30 07:40:00 | Mémoire de sécurité: TA571 fournit un chargeur à fourche icedid Security Brief: TA571 Delivers IcedID Forked Loader (lien direct) |
Ce qui s'est passé Les chercheurs de Proofpoint ont identifié TA571 livrant la variante fourchue de l'IceDID dans deux campagnes les 11 et 18 octobre 2023. Les deux campagnes comprenaient plus de 6 000 messages, chacun plus de 1 200 clients dans une variété d'industries dans le monde. Les e-mails dans les campagnes prétendaient être des réponses aux threads existants.Ceci est connu sous le nom de détournement de fil.Les e-mails contenaient 404 URL TDS liant au téléchargement d'une archive zip protégée par mot de passe avec le mot de passe répertorié dans l'e-mail.La chaîne d'attaque comprenait une série de contrôles pour valider le destinataire avant de livrer les archives zip. TA571 LURE Utilisé dans une campagne Icedid le 11 octobre 2023. Le fichier zip contenait un script VBS et un fichier texte bénin.Le script VBS, s'il est double de l'utilisateur, exécuté un chargeur fourchu icedid intégré à regsvr32.Le chargeur a à son tour téléchargé le bot icedid. L'utilisation de la variante iceide fourchue est inhabituelle, car elle n'a été observée que dans un petit nombre de campagnes.ProofPoint a d'abord identifié cette variante en février 2023. Une différence clé entre la variante iceide d'origine et la variante fourchue était l'élimination de la fonctionnalité bancaire.À l'époque, les acteurs évalués par Proofpoint utilisaient les variantes modifiées pour pivoter les logiciels malveillants loin de l'activité de Troie bancaire et de la fraude bancaire typique pour se concentrer sur la livraison de la charge utile, ce qui comprend probablement la hiérarchisation des ransomwares. TA571 utilise régulièrement 404 TD dans des campagnes pour fournir des logiciels malveillants, notamment Asyncrat, Netsupport et Darkgate.Les chercheurs de ProofPoint suivent 404 TDS depuis au moins septembre 2022, et il est utilisé par un certain nombre d'acteurs de menace.Un système de distribution de trafic (TDS) est une application utilisée pour acheminer le trafic Web via des serveurs contrôlés par l'opérateur.Ils peuvent être utilisés par les acteurs de la menace pour rediriger le trafic vers des téléchargements de logiciels malveillants et utiliser le filtrage IP pour déterminer s'il faut livrer une charge utile ou rediriger vers un site Web de récolte d'identification.ProofPoint évalue 404 TDS est probablement partagé ou vendu à d'autres acteurs en raison de son implication dans une variété de campagnes de phishing et de logiciels malveillantes sans rapport. Attribution TA571 est un distributeur de spam, et cet acteur envoie des campagnes de courriel de spam à volume élevé pour livrer et installer un logiciel malveillant variété pour leurs clients cybercriminaux, selon les objectifs de l'opérateur ultérieur.ProofPoint évalue avec une grande confiance que les infections à TA571 peuvent conduire à des ransomwares. Pourquoi est-ce important La livraison de Ta571 \\ de la variante iceide fourchue est unique car le point de preuve ne les observe pas souvent dans les données de menace.De plus, Proofpoint considère TA571 comme un acteur sophistiqué de menace cybercriminale.Sa chaîne d'attaque comprend un filtrage unique utilisant des «portes» intermédiaires pour que le trafic passe.Ces portes, qui sont des URL intermédiaires, filtrent le trafic basé sur la propriété intellectuelle et la géo-clôture.TA571 peut avoir jusqu'à deux portes par campagne.Il s'agit de garantir que seuls les utilisateurs spécifiquement ciblés reçoivent les logiciels malveillants et contourner l'activité automatisée de sable ou le chercheur. Signatures des menaces émergentes 2853110 - ETPRO EXPLOIT_KIT 404 TDS Redirect 2032086 - ET Trojan Win32 / Cookie de demande IceDide 2847335 - ETPRO TROJAN WIN32 / IceDID Stage2 Checkin 2032086 - ET Trojan Win32 / Cookie de demande IceDideIndicateurs de compromis Indicateur Description D'abord observé 6C6A68DA31204CFE93EE86CD85CF668A20259220AD44341B3915396E263E4F86 Exemple de charge utile SHA256 Hlsv1249_5361051.zip | Ransomware Spam Malware Threat | ★★★ | |
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2023-10-26 06:00:18 | Break the Attack Chain with Identity Threat Protection (lien direct) | “The attacker only has to be right once. Defenders have to get it right every time.” This well-known saying has shaped countless cybersecurity strategies. The belief is that a single compromise of our defenses can lead to a catastrophic outcome. As new risks emerge and attackers develop tactics to evade controls, defenders face the daunting task of protecting an ever-expanding array of connected identities. Many companies now embrace resilience strategies, accepting that an incident is inevitable - “It\'s not a matter of if, but when.” That\'s because defenders have been fixated on the impossible task of protecting everything within the business. But a new industry approach to cyber defense in recent years has emerged that points the path towards a better way. Instead of protecting everything, defenders should aim to neutralize attackers\' tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs), which are hard to replace. This disrupts the completion of the attack chain. What is the attack chain? And how does identity threat protection disrupt it? That\'s what we\'re here to discuss. The enduring relevance of the attack chain No other concept has captured the essence of successful cyber attacks like the attack chain (aka the “cyber kill chain”), which was developed by Lockheed Martin in 2011. Even 12 years later, the attack chain remains relevant, while defenders struggle to prevent the most impactful incidents. While cyber criminals don\'t follow the same steps every time, the basic phases of an attack are pretty much always the same: Steps in the cyber attack chain. The challenge of initial compromise The first phase in the attack chain is the initial compromise. Modern cyber criminals use an array of tactics to infiltrate companies and wreak havoc on their systems, from BEC attacks to cloud account takeovers and ransomware incidents. One trend is to exploit trusted third-party relationships to compromise companies through their suppliers. What seems like an innocuous initial email can escalate into a full-scale compromise with great speed. Once attackers gain unrestricted access to a company\'s domain, they can infiltrate email accounts to commit fraudulent activities. One alarming twist to credential phishing emails is that they can evade detection. They leave behind no traces of compromise or malware. Even with the rise of multifactor authentication (MFA), these attacks continue to surge. Once accounts are compromised through a credential phishing email or a vulnerable remote desktop session, businesses face the next phase of the attack chain: privileged escalation and lateral movement within their networks. Next phase: privilege escalation and lateral movement This is the middle of the attack chain. And it\'s where threat actors try to breach a company\'s defenses. Often, they do this by compromising the identities of employees, contractors, service providers or edge devices. Their main goal is to use this initial access to elevate their privileges, typically targeting Active Directory (AD). AD, which many businesses around the world use, is susceptible to compromise. It can provide attackers with unparalleled control over a company\'s computing infrastructure. With this access, they can engage in lateral movement and spread malware across the business, causing more harm. Finally, the risk of data loss Attackers don\'t rely on a single stroke of luck. Their success hinges on a series of precise maneuvers. Monetary gains through data exfiltration are often their objective. And once they have navigated the intricate web of identities, they can target valuable data and orchestrate data theft operations. Defenders must disrupt this chain of events to prevent the loss of sensitive data, like intellectual property or customer identifiable data. Then, they can gain the upper hand and steer the course of cybersecurity in their favor. The three best opportunities to break the attack chain. Building a map of your organizat | Ransomware Malware Tool Threat Prediction Cloud | ★★ | |
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2023-10-23 05:00:00 | De Copacabana à Barcelone: la menace croisée des logiciels malveillants brésiliens brésiliens From Copacabana to Barcelona: The Cross-Continental Threat of Brazilian Banking Malware (lien direct) |
Key Takeaways A new version of Grandoreiro malware from TA2725 targets both Mexico and Spain. Previously this malware has only targeted victims in Brazil and Mexico. Overview Proofpoint researchers have long tracked clusters of malicious activity using banking malware to target users and organizations in Brazil and surrounding countries. Recently, researchers observed multiple threat clusters targeting Spain from threat actors and malware that have traditionally targeted Portuguese and Spanish speakers in Brazil, Mexico, and other parts of the Americas. While the targeting of victims in the Americas has been common for some time, recent clusters targeting Spain have been unusual in frequency and volume compared to previous activity. Brazilian Cyber Threat Landscape The Brazilian cyber threat landscape has changed rapidly over the last several years becoming more complicated and diverse. More people than ever are online in the country meaning the potential victim base has increased. According to third-party reporting, Brazil is among the most highly-targeted countries for information stealers and other malware, and its broad adoption of online banking offers potential for threat actors to social engineer people eager to conduct financial activity online. Brazilian Banking Malware Brazilian banking malware comes in many varieties, but, based on Proofpoint observations, most of them appear to have a common ancestor written in Delphi with source code reused and modified over many years. This base malware has spawned many varieties of Brazilian malware including Javali, Casabeniero, Mekotio, and Grandoreiro. Some malware strains like Grandoreiro are still in active development (both the loader and the final payload). Grandoreiro has capabilities to both steal data through keyloggers and screen-grabbers as well as steal bank login information from overlays when an infected victim visits pre-determined banking sites targeted by the threat actors. Based on recent Proofpoint telemetry, Grandoreiro is typically delivered with an attack chain beginning with a URL in an email with various lures including shared documents, Nota Fiscal Electronicos (NF-e, a tax form required to be used by organizations in Brazil), and utility bills. Once a victim clicks the URL, they are delivered a zip file containing the loader, usually an MSI, HTA or exe file. If the user runs the loader, the malicious file will use DLL injection to add malicious behavior to an otherwise legitimate but vulnerable program included in the zip file with the loader. The loader will then download and run the final Grandoreiro payload and check in with a command and control (C2) server. Previously, bank customers targeted by Grandoreiro overlays have been in Brazil and Mexico, but recent Grandoreiro campaigns show that this capability has been expanded to banks in Spain as well. Two campaigns attributed to TA2725 spanning from 24 through 29 August 2023 shared common infrastructure and payload while targeting both Mexico and Spain simultaneously. This development means that the Grandoreiro bank credential stealing overlays now include banks in both Spain and Mexico in the same version so that the threat actors can target victims in multiple geographic regions without modification of the malware. Figure 1. Common C2 and payload download for both campaigns. Threat actors from the Americas have previously targeted organizations in Spain but have typically used more generic malware or phishing campaigns that were unique to Spain. In this case, the threat actors have expanded this version of Grandoreiro that had previously only targeted the Americas to include other parts of the world. Figure 2. Example of TA2725 targeting of victims in Spain in August and September by spoofing ÉSECÈ Group, a Spanish manufacturing company. Figure 3. Example of an unattributed Grandoreiro cluster targeting Spain with a mobile phone bill lure spoofing Claro. TA2725 TA2725 is a threat actor Proofpoint has tracked since March 202 | Malware Threat Cloud | ★★★ | |
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2023-10-17 05:00:21 | Êtes-vous sûr que votre navigateur est à jour?Le paysage actuel des fausses mises à jour du navigateur Are You Sure Your Browser is Up to Date? The Current Landscape of Fake Browser Updates (lien direct) |
Key Takeaways Proofpoint is tracking multiple different threat clusters that use similar themes related to fake browser updates. Fake browser updates abuse end user trust with compromised websites and a lure customized to the user\'s browser to legitimize the update and fool users into clicking. Threat actors do not send emails to share the compromised websites. The threat is only in the browser and can be initiated by a click from a legitimate and expected email, social media site, search engine query, or even just navigating to the compromised site. The different campaigns use similar lures, but different payloads. It is important to identify which campaign and malware cluster the threat belongs to help guide defender response. Overview Proofpoint is currently tracking at least four distinct threat clusters that use fake browser updates to distribute malware. Fake browser updates refer to compromised websites that display what appears to be a notification from the browser developer such as Chrome, Firefox, or Edge, informing them that their browser software needs to be updated. When a user clicks on the link, they do not download a legitimate browser update but rather harmful malware. Based on our research, TA569 has used fake browser updates for over five years to deliver SocGholish malware, but recently other threat actors have been copying the lure theme. Each threat actor uses their own methods to deliver the lure and payload, but the theme takes advantage of the same social engineering tactics. The use of fake browser updates is unique because it abuses the trust end users place in both their browser and the known sites that they visit. Threat actors that control the fake browser updates use JavaScript or HTML injected code that directs traffic to a domain they control, which can potentially overwrite the webpage with a browser update lure specific to the web browser that the potential victim uses. A malicious payload will then automatically download, or the user will receive a prompt to download a “browser update,” which will deliver the payload. Fake browser update lure and effectiveness The fake browser update lures are effective because threat actors are using an end-user\'s security training against them. In security awareness training, users are told to only accept updates or click on links from known and trusted sites, or individuals, and to verify sites are legitimate. The fake browser updates abuse this training because they compromise trusted sites and use JavaScript requests to quietly make checks in the background and overwrite the existing, website with a browser update lure. To an end user, it still appears to be the same website they were intending to visit and is now asking them to update their browser. Proofpoint has not identified threat actors directly sending emails containing malicious links, but, due to the nature of the threat, compromised URLs are observed in email traffic in a variety of ways. They are seen in normal email traffic by regular end users who are unaware of the compromised websites, in monitoring emails such as Google alerts, or in mass automated email campaigns like those distributing newsletters. This creates a situation where these emails are considered to be malicious during the time the site is compromised. Organizations should not treat the fake browser update threats as only an email problem, as end users could visit the site from another source, such as a search engine, social media site, or simply navigate to the site directly and receive the lure and potentially download the malicious payload. Each campaign uniquely filters traffic to hide from researchers and delay discovery, but all the methods are effective at filtering. While this may reduce the potential spread of malicious payloads, it enables actors to maintain their access to the compromised sites for longer periods of time. This can complicate the response, because with the multiple campaigns and changing payloads, responders must take time to | Malware Tool Threat Studies | ★★★★ | |
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2023-10-12 09:27:20 | J'ai été frappé par les ransomwares-temps quoi?Étapes pour gérer les conséquences I\\'ve Been Hit by Ransomware-Now What? Steps for Dealing with the Aftermath (lien direct) |
The following is an excerpt from the Ransomware Survival Guide, our free handbook on preventing, managing and recovering from ransomware threats at every stage of the attack chain. This blog post provides general tips-it is not a substitute for professional cybersecurity and incident response services. The best ransomware strategy is to avoid it in the first place. But increasingly advanced attacks against the software supply chain and end users have shown that even the best-prepared companies can be caught out. Ransomware may not even be the first malware payload to infect your system, because many ransomware gangs now prefer to buy access to targets already infected with Trojans or loader malware. During an attack, you have short-term problems to resolve, like getting computers, phones and networks back online and dealing with ransom demands. But a panicked response won\'t help-and may make things worse. Here are some general steps you can take to contain the threat and start on the road to recovery. Questions to answer during a ransomware attack Before you react to an attack, it\'s important to take a step back and ask questions that will inform your response. Your answers should help network administrators scope the problem, devise an action plan and possibly curtail the spread. Who in your environment is compromised? How widespread are the infections? Is a threat actor actively scouting your environment, exfiltrating data or ready to drop ransomware on other devices? What network permissions do compromised accounts or devices have? Ransomware may have been installed only after attackers had already moved laterally within the network or stolen credentials and other data. What type of attack is it? Is this attack a secondary infection? Did it come from downloaders, remote access Trojans (RATs) or other malware installed on the infected machine or others on the network? Keep in mind that ransomware spreads quickly and is often a byproduct of other threats. If you see one infection, there are probably others that you don\'t see. Proactively look for other issues within your environment. Now as you take action, there are three general step to follow: Step 1: Isolate infected systems The second employees see the ransomware demand or notice something\'s odd-such as suddenly losing access to their own files-they should disconnect from the network and take the infected machine to the IT department. To prepare for this scenario, we recommend that you keep valuable data and systems separated so that a security issue on one system doesn\'t affect other systems. For example, your sensitive research or business data should not reside on the same server and network segment as your email environment. We advise against having employees reboot their system. Only the IT security team should attempt a reboot, and even that will work only in the event that it is “scareware,” or fake ransomware. "Scareware" is malware that appears to be ransomware but isn\'t. It may lock the user\'s screen with a ransom demand and payment instructions, but the data is not actually encrypted. In those scenarios, standard anti-malware tools can help. Knowing the difference isn\'t always easy. Determine the scope of the problem using threat intelligence and external incident responders or forensic analysts when necessary. While all ransomware is bad, some attacks are worse than others. Your response-including whether to pay the ransom-hinges on several factors. Step 2: Call law enforcement Ransomware-like other forms of theft and extortion-is a crime. Nobody has the right to seize devices, networks or data-let alone demand a ransom in exchange for it. Notifying the proper authorities is a necessary first step. Contact local or federal law enforcement right away. Special departments exist specifically to aid cyber crime victims, so do not be afraid to pick up your phone and call them. They are there to help you and may have access to decryption keys or information on payment recovery after | Ransomware Malware Tool Threat | ★★★ | |
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2023-09-26 05:00:51 | Zenrat: les logiciels malveillants apportent plus de chaos que de calme ZenRAT: Malware Brings More Chaos Than Calm (lien direct) |
Key Takeaways Proofpoint identified a new malware called ZenRAT being distributed via fake installation packages of the password manager Bitwarden. The malware is specifically targeting Windows users and will redirect people using other hosts to a benign webpage. At this time, it is unknown how the malware is being distributed. The malware is a modular remote access trojan (RAT) with information stealing capabilities. Overview Proofpoint Emerging Threats often receives tips from the community leading to the investigation and detection of novel malware. On 10 August 2023, Jérôme Segura, Senior Director of Threat Intelligence at Malwarebytes shared a malware sample that was being distributed as a part of a Windows software installation package. The sample was initially discovered on a website pretending to be associated with Bitwarden, bitwariden[.]com, a very convincing lookalike to the real bitwarden.com. Packaged with a standard Bitwarden installation package is a malicious .NET executable that we have dubbed “ZenRAT”. At this time, it is unknown how the malware is being distributed, however historic activities that have masqueraded as fake software installers have been delivered via SEO Poisoning, adware bundles, or via email. Figure 1: Fake Bitwarden website, bitwariden[.]com. bears a remarkable resemblance in theme with bitwarden.com. It is uncertain as to how traffic is being directed to this domain. Specifically Targeting Windows Users The malicious website only displays the fake Bitwarden download if a user accesses it via a Windows host. If a non-Windows user attempts to navigate to this domain, the page changes to something entirely different. Figure 2: If a non-Windows user attempts to visit the malicious website, they are instead redirected to a cloned opensource.com article. This screen capture was taken using Mozilla Firefox on Ubuntu 22.04. The website instead masquerades as the legitimate website “opensource.com”, going so far as to clone an article from Opensource.com by Scott Nesbitt, about the Bitwarden password manager. Additionally, if Windows users click download links marked for Linux or MacOS on the Downloads page, they are instead redirected to the legitimate Bitwarden site, vault.bitwarden.com. Clicking the Download button or the Desktop installer for Windows download button results in an attempt to download Bitwarden-Installer-version-2023-7-1.exe. This payload is hosted on the domain crazygameis[.]com, which as of this writing no longer appears to be hosting the payload: Figure 3: When Windows users click either the Download button or the desktop installer for Windows option, a request is made to crazygameis[.]com to retrieve the malicious Bitwarden installer. The domain registrar for both domains appears to be NiceNIC International Group, while the sites themselves appear to be hosted on Cloudflare. Installer Details The malicious installer, Bitwarden-Installer-version-2023-7-1.exe appears to have been first reported on VirusTotal on 28 July 2023, under a different name CertificateUpdate-version1-102-90. Figure 4: So far, the installer sample has been seen twice in relatively close proximity under two entirely different names. Looking at the details of the installer, we can see that the digital signature is not valid, but more interestingly, the installer is claiming to be Piriform\'s Speccy – a software application for gathering system specifications. Figure 5: The file metadata for the malicious bitwarden installer claims that it is Speccy, an application that is used to gather information (specs) about the system on which the application is run. Not only that, the installer claims that it is signed by Tim Kosse, an open-source software developer most well-known for the Filezilla FTP/SFTP software. Figure 6: In addition to the questionable file properties, the installer has an invalid digital signature, and claims to have been signed by Tim Kosse, an open-source developer most well-k | Malware Tool Threat | ★★ | |
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2023-09-22 05:00:48 | 10 Exemples d'escroque 10 Real-World Business Email Compromise (BEC) Scam Examples (lien direct) |
Business email compromise (BEC) is an email scam where malicious actors impersonate a trusted source using a spoofed, lookalike or compromised account. Fraudsters send targeted emails to employees, business partners or customers. The recipients, believing the emails are legitimate, then take actions that lead to scammers gaining access to sensitive data, funds or accounts. Notably, most BEC attacks result in fraudulent wire transfer or financial payment. The FBI\'s Internet Crime Complaint Center reports that businesses lost more than $2.7 billion to BEC scams in 2022. That\'s more than one-quarter of all the cyber crime-related financial losses for that year. Proofpoint research for the 2023 State of the Phish report showed that 75% percent of organizations experienced at least one BEC attack last year. BEC is often hard to detect because there is no malicious payload, such as URL or attachment. And yet, it\'s easy to understand why BEC scams are so successful. Just take a closer look at the various social engineering tactics used in the following 10 recent BEC attacks, which are a testament to fraudsters\' creativity, ingenuity and persistence. #1: Fraudster steals more than 1,000 unpublished manuscripts What happened: Filippo Bernardini, an employee at the U.K. operation of publishing company Simon & Schuster, impersonated book agents, editors, authors and others for years in a quest to obtain unpublished manuscripts. The book thief\'s aim: to read new works before anyone else. BEC strategy: Bernardini registered more than 160 fake internet domains to send emails from slightly altered, official-looking email addresses. A key factor in his success was his insider knowledge of the publishing world. #2: Real estate firm loses €38 million to international gang of fraudsters What happened: A real estate developer in Paris, Sefri-Cime, was targeted by an international email “CEO fraud” gang in December 2022. The group managed to steal €38 million through one BEC scam, which they then laundered through bank accounts in various countries, including China and Israel. BEC strategy: The firm\'s CFO received an email from someone claiming to be a lawyer at a well-known French accounting firm. Within days, the fraudster had gained the CFO\'s trust and began to make successful requests for large and urgent transfers of millions of euros. #3: Eagle Mountain City, Utah, sends $1.13 million to vendor impersonator What happened: This rapidly growing, master-planned community had so many new projects underway that busy city officials grew accustomed to receiving requests for large payments from various vendors-and thus, became less vigilant about looking out for potential scams. BEC strategy: In August 2022, Eagle Mountain was engaged in a construction project to widen a major road. During an email exchange between city officials and its construction vendor, BEC scammers inserted themselves into an email thread and impersonated the vendor. The cyber criminals persuaded a staff member to transfer an electronic payment to them instead. #4: Fraudsters steal $2.8 million from Grand Rapids Public Schools in Michigan What happened: A California couple defrauded a Midwestern school district and went on a spending spree with the stolen funds. It all started when they gained access to an email account of the school district\'s benefits manager. It all began to unravel after an insurance company inquired about the missing funds. BEC strategy: The fraudsters monitored correspondence between the district and its health insurance vendor about monthly insurance payments. They then sent an email to a district finance specialist asking them to change the wiring information for those payments. That person complied, which resulted in two large payments being sent to the bank account of a California nail salon that the couple owned. #5: CFO impersonator defrauds Children\'s Healthcare of Atlanta of $3.6 million What happened: This pediatric care provider\'s experience with B | Malware Threat | ★★ | |
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2023-09-21 05:00:51 | Le retour de la livraison directe des ransomwares? The Return of Direct Ransomware Delivery? (lien direct) |
Si vous avez lu notre guide de survie à Ransomware mis à jour, vous savez déjà que le ransomware moderne est rarement livré directement par e-mail.De nos jours, les gangs de ransomware préfèrent s'associer avec les courtiers d'accès initiaux (IAB).Les IAB fonctionnent en distribuant des logiciels malveillants dans des campagnes à haut volume, puis en vendant un accès à des systèmes compromis.Mais il y a encore des cas de bord où les acteurs de la menace essaient de couper l'intermédiaire et de livrer directement des ransomwares.
Un exemple récent de ceci est Knight ou Knight Lite Ransomware (une version rebaptisée du cyclops ransomware-as-a-Service).En août 2023, les chercheurs de Proofpoint ont vu plusieurs campagnes dans lesquelles Knight a été livré directement par e-mail.Ces campagnes étaient principalement à faible volume, avec moins de 500 messages, bien qu'une campagne en contenait plus de 1 000.Les campagnes ont principalement ciblé les utilisateurs anglophones, mais nous avons également noté des campagnes ciblant les utilisateurs en Italie et en Allemagne dans ces langues.
Un leurre sur le thème de la facture a envoyé une récente campagne Knight.
Les leurres e-mail de ces campagnes ont inclus des faux messages d'un site Web de voyage bien connu destiné aux organisations hôtelières, ainsi qu'à des leurres de facturation plus standard.Les e-mails contiennent une pièce jointe HTML qui charge une interface de navigateur dans le navigateur usurpant le site légitime.Cette interface invite ensuite la victime à cliquer et à télécharger un fichier exécutable ou xll zippé contenant le ransomware.Dans certaines campagnes ultérieures ciblant les utilisateurs italiens, la chaîne d'attaque a été modifiée pour inclure un fichier zip interstitiel contenant soit un LNK reliant à un partage WebDAV ou à un XLL, qui installent tous deux un téléchargeur.Cela installe à son tour la charge utile Knight.Le téléchargeur utilisé dans ces chaînes d'attaque ultérieurs n'a pas été vu auparavant dans nos données, et nos chercheurs enquêtent.Dans toutes les chaînes d'attaque, une fois installées, Knight Ransomware commence un mouvement latéral, en scrutant des adresses IP privées en tant que précurseur pour chiffrer les appareils en réseau.
Les fichiers sont chiffrés par une extension .Knight_L, et une note de rançon est laissée des sommes exigeantes allant de 5 000 $ à 15 000 $ en Bitcoin.L'acteur de menace fournit un lien vers un site contenant des instructions supplémentaires et une adresse e-mail pour les informer lorsqu'un paiement a été effectué.Actuellement, il n'y a rien pour indiquer que les données sont exfiltrées et chiffrées.
Capture d'écran de la page Web Knight Ransomware Tor.
Le paysage des menaces a considérablement changé depuis l'époque des campagnes de ransomwares à volume à volume élevé.En fait, les campagnes de Knight récentes sont la première fois depuis 2021 que les chercheurs à preuves ont vu la livraison de ransomwares par courriel dans les semaines consécutives en utilisant les mêmes caractéristiques de la campagne.Mais avec une perturbation récente dans le botnet de logiciel malveillant à grande échelle QBOT-A à grande échelle couramment utilisé par de nombreux attaquants IABS-Ransomware peuvent décider de revoir ces méthodes de livraison.
Pour plus d'informations sur le paysage des ransomwares en développement, consultez le Guide de survie des ransomwares et abonnez-vous à notre blog de menace.
If you\'ve read our updated Ransomware Survival Guide, you already know that modern ransomware is rarely delivered directly by email. These days, ransomware gangs prefer to partner with initial access brokers (IABs). IABs operate by distributing malware in high volume campaigns and then selling access to compromised systems. But there are still some edge cases where threat actors try to cut out the middleman and deliver ransomware directly. A recent example of this is Knight or Knight Li |
Ransomware Malware Threat | ★★ | |
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2023-09-20 05:00:00 | Les logiciels malveillants chinois apparaissent sérieusement dans le paysage des menaces de cybercriminalité Chinese Malware Appears in Earnest Across Cybercrime Threat Landscape (lien direct) |
Key Takeaways Proofpoint has observed an increase in activity from specific malware families targeting Chinese-language speakers. Campaigns include Chinese-language lures and malware typically associated with Chinese cybercrime activity. Newly observed ValleyRAT is emerging as a new malware among Chinese-themed cybercrime activity, while Sainbox RAT and related variants are recently active as well. The increase in Chinese language malware activity indicates an expansion of the Chinese malware ecosystem, either through increased availability or ease of access to payloads and target lists, as well as potentially increased activity by Chinese speaking cybercrime operators. Overview Since early 2023, Proofpoint observed an increase in the email distribution of malware associated with suspected Chinese cybercrime activity. This includes the attempted delivery of the Sainbox Remote Access Trojan (RAT) – a variant of the commodity trojan Gh0stRAT – and the newly identified ValleyRAT malware. After years of this malware not appearing in Proofpoint threat data, its appearance in multiple campaigns over the last six months is notable. The phrase “Chinese-themed” is used to describe any of the observed content related to this malicious activity, including lures, malware, targeting, and any metadata that contains Chinese language usage. Campaigns are generally low-volume and are typically sent to global organizations with operations in China. The email subjects and content are usually written in Chinese, and are typically related to business themes like invoices, payments, and new products. The targeted users have Chinese-language names spelled with Chinese-language characters, or specific company email addresses that appear to align with businesses\' operations in China. Although most campaigns have targeted Chinese speaking users, Proofpoint observed one campaign targeting Japanese organizations, suggesting a potential expansion of activity. These recently identified activity clusters have demonstrated flexible delivery methods, leveraging both simple and moderately complex techniques. Commonly, the emails contain URLs linking to compressed executables that are responsible for installing the malware. However, Proofpoint has also observed Sainbox RAT and ValleyRAT delivered via Excel and PDF attachments containing URLs linking to compressed executables. Proofpoint researchers assess those multiple campaigns delivering Sainbox RAT and ValleyRAT contain some similar tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs). However, research into additional activity clusters utilizing these malwares demonstrate enough variety in infrastructure, sender domains, email content, targeting, and payloads that researchers currently conclude that all use of these malwares and associated campaigns are not attributable to the same cluster, but likely multiple distinct activity sets. The emergence and uptick of both novel and older Chinese-themed malware demonstrates a new trend in the overall 2023 threat landscape. A blend of historic malware such as Sainbox – a variant of the older Gh0stRAT malware – and the newly uncovered ValleyRAT may challenge the dominance that the Russian-speaking cybercrime market has on the threat landscape. However, the Chinese-themed malware is currently mostly targeted toward users that likely speak Chinese. Proofpoint continues to monitor for evidence of increasing adoption across other languages. For network defenders, we include several indicators of compromise and Emerging Threats detections to provide the community with the ability to cover these threats. Campaign Details Proofpoint has observed over 30 campaigns in 2023 leveraging malware typically associated with Chinese cybercrime activity. Nearly all lures are in Chinese, although Proofpoint has also observed messages in Japanese targeting organizations in that country. Gh0stRAT / Sainbox Proofpoint has observed an increase in a variant of Gh0stRAT Proofpoint researchers refer to as Sainbox. Sainbox was first i | Malware Tool Threat Prediction | ★★★ | |
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2023-09-18 05:00:09 | Comment mieux sécuriser et protéger votre environnement Microsoft 365 How to Better Secure and Protect Your Microsoft 365 Environment (lien direct) |
Microsoft 365 has become the de facto standard for email and collaboration for most global businesses. At the same time, email continues to be the most common attack vector for threat actors. And spam, phishing, malware, ransomware and business email compromise (BEC) attacks keep increasing in both their sophistication and impact. Verizon\'s 2023 Data Breach Investigations Report highlights the upward trend BEC attacks, noting that they have doubled over the past year and comprise 60% of social engineering incidents. While Microsoft 365 includes basic email hygiene capabilities with Exchange Online Protection (EOP), you need more capabilities to protect your business against these attacks. Microsoft offers Defender for Office 365 (MDO) as part of its security tool set to bolster security. And it\'s a good place to start, but it simply can\'t stop today\'s most sophisticated email threats. That\'s why analysts suggest you augment native Microsoft 365 security to protect against advanced threats, like BEC and payload-less attacks such as TOAD (telephone-oriented attack delivery). “Supplement the native capabilities of your existing cloud email solutions with third-party security solutions to provide phishing protection for collaboration tools and to address both mobile- and BEC-type phishing scenarios.” Source: 2023 Gartner Market Guide for Email Security The rise of cloud-based email security solutions Email threats are nothing new. For years now, secure email gateways (SEG) have been the go-to solution to stop them. They filter spam, phishing emails and malware before they can get to users\' inboxes. But with more businesses adopting cloud-based email platforms-particularly Microsoft 365-alternative email security solutions have appeared on the market. Gartner calls them integrated cloud email security (ICES); Forrester refers to them as cloud-native API-enabled email security (CAPES). These solutions leave the basic email hygiene and handling of email traffic to Microsoft. Then, they examine the emails that are allowed through. Essentially, they identify threats that have slipped past Microsoft\'s defenses. The main advantage of ICES and CAPES is their ease of deployment and evaluation. They simply require a set of permissions to the Microsoft 365 installation, and they can start detecting threats right away. It\'s easy to remove these solutions, too, making it simple and straightforward to evaluate them. Two deployment models: the good and the bad When you\'re augmenting Microsoft 365 email security, you have several options for deployment. There\'s the post-delivery, API-based approach, which is used by ICES and CAPEs. And there\'s the pre-delivery, MX-based approach used by SEGs. Post-delivery deployment (API-based model) In this scenario, Microsoft provides an API to allow third-party vendors to receive a notification when a new email is delivered to a user\'s mailbox. Then, they process the message with their platform. If a threat is found, it can be deleted or moved to a different folder, like quarantine or junk. However, this approach presents a risk. Because a message is initially delivered to the mailbox, a user still has a chance to click on it until the threat is retracted. Emails must be processed fast or hidden altogether while the solution scans the message for threats. Analyzing attachments for malware or running them through a sandbox is time-consuming, especially for large or complex attachments. There are also limits on how many alerts from Microsoft 365 that cloud-based email security solutions can receive. Pre-delivery deployment (MX-based model) This approach is useful for businesses that want to detect and prevent email threats before they reach their users\' inboxes. As the name suggests, email is processed before it is delivered to a user\'s inbox. To enable this model, an organization\'s DNS email exchange (MX) record must be configured to a mail server. The MX record indicates how email messages should be routed in | Ransomware Data Breach Malware Tool Threat Prediction Cloud | ★★★ |
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