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2024-06-27 12:12:56 | DMARC: Pourquoi il passe d'une meilleure pratique à un incontournable DMARC: Why It\\'s Moving from a Best Practice to a Must-Have (lien direct) |
It is widely understood that email is the number one threat vector for cyberattacks. This stems from the fact that email was not designed with security in mind, and cybercriminals do not need highly technical skills to exploit it. In this blog, we\'ll look at how threat actors exploit human vulnerabilities by impersonating people and brands, why DMARC is becoming mandatory, and how Proofpoint can help. Are you for real? Looking legitimate to gain trust Most cyberattacks today are initiated via email. As a result, many users have started to block or delete emails from unknown sources as a precautionary measure. Cybercriminals realize this and have learned that their best chance is to fool the receiver into believing that they are dealing with a known source-ideally, a trusted source. And this is where sender impersonation comes into play. Spoofing is a common form of sender impersonation. There are two main types: Domain spoofing. This is when a bad actor forges a sender\'s domain in an email to make it appear as if the email is from a trusted source. Header spoofing. In this case, an attacker manipulates the email\'s header information-including various fields such as “From,” “To,” “Reply-To” and others-so that it looks like the email is from a different source than its true source (the attacker). Both tactics are designed to make recipients believe that they are interacting with a trusted source and can appear very legitimate. If someone believes they are communicating with a trusted person, they are more likely to divulge sensitive information or perform actions that compromise their security, such as handing over their credentials. If an attacker is spoofing your company to target your partners or customers, it can cause significant damage to your brand\'s reputation. To prevent this type of brand abuse, some companies have implemented email authentication technology as a “best practice.” But this trend is not as widespread as you might expect. An overview of email authentication technology To combat domain spoofing, Sender Policy Framework (SPF) was introduced, followed by Domain Key Identified Mail (DKIM), with the goal of validating that email is coming from an approved sending IP address and the message hasn\'t been tampered with en route. A company can create an SPF record that contains a list of all the “approved” IP addresses that can send email on the organization\'s behalf. This allows a system receiving an email to do a quick check to determine if the email is coming from an authorized server. If the sending IP address isn\'t on the SPF list, it fails authentication. DKIM goes a step further by using public and private keys, allowing a receiving system to compare the keys in the email to confirm that it came from who it says it did and that nothing in the email was changed after it was sent. Someone sending a domain-spoofed email would fail both SPF and DKIM authentication. Email authentication is becoming mandatory Email authentication tools have been available for years, so you would think that all companies would have implemented them by now. However, some businesses have been slow to act for various reasons, including: Resource limitations Budget limitations Concerns about legitimate email being blocked Whatever the cause for the lag in implementing these tools, the delay has allowed cybercriminals to continue to exploit the lack of security to initiate their attacks. Major email providers are making moves to force companies to catch up and use email authentication. Some highly publicized examples include the October 2023 announcements from Google, Yahoo and Apple around mandatory email authentication requirements (including DMARC) for bulk senders sending email to Gmail, Yahoo and iCloud accounts. This should significantly reduce spam and fraudulent emails hitting their customers\' inboxes. | Spam Tool Vulnerability Threat Prediction Technical | Yahoo | ★★★ |
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2023-12-04 07:10:47 | Arrêt de cybersécurité du mois: Utilisation de l'IA comportementale pour écraser le détournement de la paie Cybersecurity Stop of the Month: Using Behavioral AI to Squash Payroll Diversion (lien direct) |
This blog post is part of a monthly series exploring the ever-evolving tactics of today\'s cybercriminals. Cybersecurity Stop of the Month focuses on the critical first steps in the attack chain – stopping the initial compromise-in the context of email threats. The series is designed to help you understand how to fortify your defenses to protect people and defend data against emerging threats in today\'s dynamic threat landscape. The first three steps of the attack chain: stop the initial compromise. In our previous posts, we have covered these attack types: Supplier compromise EvilProxy SocGholish E-signature phishing QR code phishing Telephone-oriented attack delivery (TOAD) In this installment we examine a payroll diversion threat that Proofpoint detected during a recent threat assessment. We also cover the typical attack sequence of payroll fraud and explain how Proofpoint uses multiple signals to detect and prevent these threats for our customers. Background Business email compromise (BEC) continues to grow in popularity and sophistication. The 2022 FBI Internet Crime Report notes that BEC attacks cost U.S. businesses $2.7 billion last year. The global figure is no doubt much higher. Ransomware victims, in contrast, lost just $34 million. Payroll diversion is a form of BEC. Typically, employees who have direct access to fulfilling payroll-related requests are prime targets. In these attacks, a bad actor pretends to be an employee who needs to update their direct deposit information. The new information is for an account that the bad actor owns. Once the fraudulent request is complete, the lost funds cannot be retrieved by the business. Payroll diversion fraud isn\'t a new form of BEC, but the frequency of this type of attack is on the rise. Proofpoint continues to see this type of threat getting through the defenses of other email security tools. Across all of our October 2023 threat assessments, we found that more than 400 of these threats got past 12 other email security tools. There are a few reasons why it\'s difficult for a lot of email security tools to detect or remediate these threats. The primary reason is because they don\'t usually carry malicious payloads like attachments or URLs. They also tend to be sent from personal email services-like Google, Yahoo and iCloud-and target specific users. Notably, API-based email security tools that scan for threats post-delivery are the most susceptible to not being able to detect or remediate this type of threat. This partly comes down to how they work. In order for them to be effective, they need security and IT teams to manually populate them with a dictionary of possible display names of all employees, which is a very time-consuming effort that is hard to scale. To avoid this, many organizations simply choose to enable display name prevention for their senior executives only. But bad actors behind payroll diversion don\'t just impersonate executives, they target anyone in the organization who can access corporate funds. In our example below, an attacker took advantage of this exact weakness. The scenario Proofpoint detected a payroll diversion attempt where the attacker posed as a non-executive employee. The email was sent to the director of human resources (HR) at a 300-person company in the energy and utilities industry. The company\'s incumbent email security tool delivered the message, and its API-based post-delivery remediation tool failed to detect and retract it. The threat: How did the attack happen? Here is a closer look at how this payroll diversion scam unfolded: 1. The deceptive message: The attacker sent a request to update their direct deposit information from an account that appeared to be a legitimate employee\'s personal email account. The original malicious message delivered to the recipient\'s inbox. 2. Payroll diversion attack sequence: If the recipient had engaged, the attacker\'s goal would have been to convince them to trans | Ransomware Tool Threat | Yahoo | ★★ |
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