One Article Review
| Source |  Errata Security |
|---|---|
| Identifiant | 3497828 |
| Date de publication | 2021-10-10 20:35:49 (vue: 2021-10-11 01:06:20) |
| Titre | 100 terabyte home NAS |
| Texte | So, as a nerd, let's say you need 100 terabytes of home storage. What do you do?My solution would be a commercial NAS RAID, like from Synology, QNAP, or Asustor. I'm a nerd, and I have setup my own Linux systems with RAID, but I'd rather get a commercial product. When a disk fails, and a disk will always eventually fail, then I want something that will loudly beep at me and make it easy to replace the drive and repair the RAID.Some choices you have are:vendor (Synology, QNAP, and Asustor are the vendors I know and trust the most)number of bays (you want 8 to 12)redundancy (you want at least 2 if not 3 disks)filesystem (btrfs or ZFS) [not btrfs-raid builtin, but btrfs on top of RAID]drives (NAS optimized between $20/tb and $30/tb)networking (at least 2-gbps bonded, but box probably can't use all of 10gbps)backup (big external USB drives)The products I link above all have at least 8 drive bays. When you google "NAS", you'll get a list of smaller products. You don't want them. You want somewhere between 8 and 12 drives.The reason is that you want two-drive redundancy like RAID6 or RAIDZ2, meaning two additional drives. Everyone tells you one-disk redundancy (like RAID5) is enough, they are wrong. It's just legacy thinking, because it was sufficient in the past when drives were small. Disks are so big nowadays that you really need two-drive redundancy. If you have a 4-bay unit, then half the drives are used for redundancy. If you have a 12-bay unit, then only 2 out of the 12 drives are being used for redundancy.The next decision is the filesystem. There's only two choices, btrfs and ZFS. The reason is that they both healing and snapshots. Note btrfs means btrfs-on-RAID6, not btrfs-RAID, which is broken. In other words, btrfs contains its own RAID feature that you don't want to use.Over long periods of time, errors creep into the file system. You want to scrub the data occasionally. This means reading the entire filesystem, checksuming the files, and repairing them if there's a problem. That requires a filesystem that checksums each block of data.Another thing you want snapshots to guard against things like ransomware. This means you mark the files you want to keep, and even if a workstation attempts to change or delete the file, it'll still be held on the disk.QNAP uses ZFS while others like Synology and Asustor use btrfs. I really don't know which is better.It's cheaper to buy the NAS diskless then add your own disk drives. If you can't do this, then you'll be helpless when a drive fails and needs to be replaced.Drives cost between $20/tb and $30/tb right now. This recent article has a good buying guide. You probably want to get a NAS optimized hard drive. You probably want to double-check that it's CMR instead of SMR -- SMR is "shingled" vs. "conventional" magnetic recording. SMR is bad. There's only three hard drive makers (Seagate, Western Digital, and Toshiba), so there's not a big selection.Working with such large data sets over 1-gbps is painful. These units allow 802.3ad link aggregation as well as faster Ethernet. Some have 10gbe built-in, others allow a PCIe adapter to be plugged in.However, due to the overhead of spinning disks, you are unlikely to get 10gbps speeds. I mention this because 10gbps copper Ethernet sucks, so is not necessarily a buying criteria. You may prefer multigig/NBASE-T that only does 5gbps with relaxed cabling requirements and lower power consumption.This means that your NAS decision is going to be made with your home networki |
| Envoyé | Oui |
| Condensat | $20/tb $30/tb note 100 10gbe 10gbps 3ad 5gbps 802 above adapter add additional against aggregation all allow also always another are are:vendor aren around article assumption asustor attempts automatically available backup bad bay bays because beep being best better between big block bonded both box broken btrfs btrfs and built builtin but buy buying cabling can change cheaper check checksuming checksums choices choose cmr commercial consumption contains conventional copper cost costs couple creep criteria darn data decade decision delete desktop digital disk diskless disks does doesn don double drive drives due each easy effective end enough entire errors ethernet even eventually everyone external fail fails familiarity faster feature file files filesystem from gbps get gets going good google great guard guide half hard has have healing and held helpless here home however instead its just keep keeping know large least legacy let like link linux list long loudly lower made magnetic make makers mark may meaning means mention most much multigig multigig/nbase nas necessarily need needs nerd networking next not note now nowadays number occasionally often one only optimized other others out over overhead own painful past pcie periods plan plugged power prefer pretty price probably problem product products qnap rackmount raid raid5 raid6 raidz2 ransomware rather raw reading really reason recent recording redundancy redundancy like relaxed reliable repair repairing replace replaced reputations requirements requires reviews right say schedule scrub seagate selection server sets setup shingled small smaller smr snapshots software solution solutions some something somewhere speeds spinning storage stuck such sucks sufficient switches synology system systems tapes tells terabyte terabytes them then there these thing things thinking those though three time too top toshiba total trust two unit units unlikely usb use used user uses vendors want way well western what when which will wither without words working workstation would wrong you your zfs |
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